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Edith Efron (1922 – April 20, 2001) was American journalist and author. Graduating from the Columbia University Graduate School of Journalism, where she studied under journalist John Chamberlain,〔Chamberlain, John, ''A Life With the Printed Word'', 1982, Regnery, pp. 96–97. ISBN 978-0895266569.〕 her career began as a writer for the ''New York Times Magazine''. In 1947, she married a Haitian businessman, with whom she had a child. After living in Haiti and working as a Central America correspondent for ''Time'' and ''Life'' magazines, she divorced and returned to New York City where she worked on the staff of television journalist Mike Wallace. After her return to New York, she also became part of Ayn Rand's circle, contributed to Rand's magazine, ''The Objectivist'', and presented a lecture series on non-fiction writing at the Nathaniel Branden Institute in the 1960s, although the two women later parted ways.〔McConnell, Scott "Al Ramrus" (2010). ''100 Voices: an Oral History of Ayn Rand'', New American Library, pp. 157–164, ISBN 978-0451231307 (Ramrus worked with Efron on Wallace's staff).〕 She became a writer and, later, a senior editor of the widely circulated ''TV Guide'' magazine in the 1960s and 1970s, where she wrote celebrity profiles, political columns and editorials. In the 1970s, she was also ghostwriter for former Secretary of the Treasury William E. Simon's book ''A Time For Truth''. In her editorials for ''TV Guide'', Efron criticized what she saw as liberal media bias, and she defended conservative politicians Barry Goldwater and Ronald Reagan. Efron and other columnists writing in ''TV Guide'' like Kevin Phillips and Pat Buchanan advocated the elimination of the Fairness Doctrine by the Federal Communications Commission, in order to permit conservative viewpoints greater access to the airwaves. The FCC would remove the policy in the late 1980s. In their 1993 history of ''TV Guide'', ''Changing Channels: America in TV Guide'', Cornell professors Glenn C. Altschuler and David I. Grossvogel have stated that "no writer...did more to shape ''TV Guide''," a publication that reached over 40 million readers at the time. Her impact on the magazine, they said, included her role as "the quintessential ''TV Guide'' voice on race relations." All the positions she took on race in her articles, Efron is quoted as saying, "were determined by what I thought would be good for a young, vulnerable black child," a reflection of the issues which Efron herself had faced while bringing up a black son in the segregated America of the 1950s.〔Altschuler and Grossvogel, ''Changing Channels'', University of Illinois Press, 1992. ISBN 978-0252017797.〕 In 1971, Efron published ''The News Twisters'',〔''The News Twisters'', Nash, 1971. ISBN 978-0840212061〕 a controversial book which claimed to find media bias in the television news coverage of the 1968 U.S. presidential election, one of the first studies of its kind ever conducted. This was followed by her 1972 work, ''How CBS Tried to Kill a Book'',〔''How CBS Tried to Kill a Book'', Nash, 1972. ISBN 978-0840212801.〕 an examination of CBS News's reaction to her study. She was a contributing editor to ''Reason'' magazine from the 1970s until her death in 2001, where she wrote psychological studies of former President Bill Clinton and Supreme Court Justice Clarence Thomas. The latter prompted Justice Thomas to declare that Efron had been the "only person" to understand what was going through his mind during the hearings that made him a household name, according to ''Reason'' editor Virginia Postrel.〔 〕 In 1984, Efron published ''The Apocalyptics'',〔''The Apocalyptics: Cancer and the Big Lie : How Environmental Politics Controls What We Know About Cancer'', Simon and Schuster, 1984. ISBN 978-0671417437.〕 described as "an expose of shoddy science and its effects on environmental policy," which systematically examined the regulatory "science" behind the banning of chemicals in consumer products, debunking the alleged "cancer epidemic" claimed to exist by many in the media. ==References== 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Edith Efron」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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